Schubert's four-hand piano repertoire remains little known, as he largely intended it to be played in intimate settings amidst friends, Schubertiades. This Fantasie is his only mature piece in this genre. It is, by far, the most famous: it is in fact considered one of the major works of four-hand piano literature. It is dedicated to Countess Caroline Esterházy, a student of the composer with whom certain biographers believe he was in love.